Gas burners



Jan. 27, 1959 G. scHwANK @As BURNERS Filed oet. ze, 1954 United StatesParent 2,870,330` GAS BURNERS The present invention relates to gasburners of the type comprising a mixing chamber wherein a gaseous fueland primary air aremixed prior to issuing from the mixing chamberthrough a burner element on the surface of which incandescent combustiontakes place. More particularly, the invention relates to meansforguiding andwdistributing the mixture of gas `and air inside the mixingchamber, wherein there is provided a one-piece mixing or injector tubefor supplying and constituting the gaseous mixture, and wherein air issucked into the chamber by injector effect in response to the flow ofgas from a gas jet `coupled to a supply source having a conventional lowgas pressure of approximately to 100 millimeters of water.

One object of the present invention is to guide and distribute themixture of gas and air passing into the mixing chamber through theone-piece mixing tube in such a manner that a uniform combustiblemixture is supplied to all parts of the burner element and is uni-ylformly distributed over the whole surface thereof.

According to the present invention, there Tarceproyideh` in a samecomponent part of "the gas buriieigta first support surface for the gasjet coupling member andV a second support surface for the one-piecemixing tube, the rst support surface being-machined simultaneouslyeither with the internal bore of the mixing tube or with a threaded boreconstituting the second support surface, whereby either the internalsurface of the mixing tubeor that of the second support surfaceconstituted by the threaded bore is coaxially aligned with the firstsupport surface for the gas jet coupling member. j

By proceedingin accordance with the invention, it is possible to obtainaccurate mutual alignment of the gas jet and of the mixing tube, withexact coincidence of the axes thereof. Such an arrangement is aprerequisite for uniform constitution of the mixture inside of themixingtube and in the `mixing chamber. If the gas jet and mixingtube are notaccurately centered and aligned, it

is impossible to obtain a uniform mixture, so `that there will beincomplete combustion at individual portions of the burner surface dueto insufficient supply of air, there-` by causing the escape of unburnedgases, whereas at other portions of the burner surface there` will beirregular combustion due toexcessive air.

, According to a further feature of -the invention, the combustion airenters the suction chamberof the injector through a single opening,whereby it is possible `tojmount a iilter in this opening and to connectan air` supply duct thereto. The opening is large enough to prevent anydisturbance in the flow of gas and air.

In order to distribute thegas and `air mixture issuing from the mixingtube uniformly and free of turbulence, and also to provide additionalmixing thereof, the inside of the mixing chamber facing the outlet ofthemixing tube is shaped to define a` deflection and distributionsurfacewhich reverses the direction of flow of the` mixture withoutturbulence, so that the mixture reaches the burner surface in theopposite direction to the flow inthe mixing tube. i

ice

Inside of the mixing and distributing chamber through which the gasesflow, there are arranged a` plurality of distributing surfaces parallelto the burner surface, which have a still further effect upon the gasand air mixture for the purpose of insuring a quiet and uniform flowfree of all turbulence. j t

According to a further feature of the invention, and in order tofacilitate the manufacture, the Vmixing tube may be formed integrallywith the mixing chamber instead of being a separate one-piece tubesupported therein by screw connection. j l j The invention will be morereadily understood with reference to the accompanying drawing whereinFigure l is a longitudinal section through the `line I`I of Figure 2 ina plane perpendicular to the burner surface.

h Figure 2 is a plan view looking at the top of Figure 1.

The gaseous fuel is supplied through opening 1 in a jet coupling member2, and issues through the jet body 3 and nozzle 4 `into the suctionchamber 5. The ow of gas can be controlled by adjustment of the needlevalve` 6 positionedinside the jet. By reason of the reduced pressure inthe chamber 5 caused by the iiow of gas outof the nozzle 4 in thedirection toward the mixing tube 8, air is sucked into the chamber .5through the opening 7. The mixing tube.8, which is of one-piececonstruction, is supported in a threaded bore 9 of the burner housing11. AThe body 2 of the jet coupling member supporting the nozzle 4 issupported` in a cylindrical bore'10 of the same burner body 11. Asclearly shown by the drawings, the housing 11 is a substantiallydishshaped main body member of generally rectangular form,

havingan imperforate bottom wall 11a, imperforate side walls 11b andopposite end walls 11e and 11d. The end wall 11al is provided with athreaded bore or opening formed centrally thereof. The dish-shaped` bodymember 11 isV provided with an opening between the opposite ends thereofdefnedby a ledge 11e on which the flat fuel-outlet burner element 14a issupported. The threaded `bore 9 and cylindrical bore 10 of the burnerbody 11 can be machined therein simultaneously in order to obtain exactcentering and alignment thereof. It is also possible to machine thethread of the bore 9 separately and to mount the mixing tube 8 therein,and thereafter to machine the internal surface of the mixingV tube 8 andthe cylindrical bore 10 simultaneously.

The lopening 7 of the suction chamber 5 may be preceded `by an airfilter with an air supply duct connected thereto. In view of theasymmetrical unilateral air supply through the opening 7, such openingmust be relatively large in order that the speed of the air passingtherethrough may be so low as` to have no disturbing or deflectingeffect on the stream of gas issuing through the nozzle 4.

mixing chamber inside the burner body 11 on end wall 11d, the shape ofthe surface 12 being such that the gaseous mixture enters the mixing anddistributing chamber 13 in a uniform flow in a direction opposite to thedirection of flow in the mixing tube 8. Consequently, the mixtureisuniformly distributed inside the mixing and distributing chamber 13.The non-turbulent and uniform flow of mixture to the burner surface 14is still further enhanced by distributing surfaces or bafes 15 and 16extending parallel to the burner surface 14 inside the mixing anddistributing chamber 13 at the ends thereof. A` portion of the subjectmatter herein is disclosed in co-pending application Serial No.2l4,468,.n0w

Patent 2,775,294.

What is claimed is:

1. In a gas burner, a dish-shaped body member having opposite sidewalls, opposite end walls and a bottom wall defining a mixing chamber inwhich gase-ous fuel and air are mixed prior to combustion, a mixing tubedisposed in said mixing chamber and having `an inlet adjacent one ofsaid end walls, said mixing tube extending toward the opposite end walland having an outlet in communciation with said chamber at a pointremote from said one end Wall and nearer to said opposite end Wall thanto said one end wall, said side walls confronting the opposite sides,respectively, of said mixing tube, 'and defining the maximum width ofsaid dish-shaped body, each side wall being spaced a substantialdistance from the confronting side, respectively, of the mixing tube, anozzle in fluid `communication with said mixing tube for supplying fuelto the latter, air inlet means in uid communication with said mixingtube and nozzle for supplying air to said mixing tube responsive to theow of fuel from said nozzle into said tube, said dishshaped body havinga flat planar opening substantially coextensive in area with saiddish-shaped body between said opposite side walls and said opposite endwalls thereof, and dat fuel-outlet burner means mounted on said bodyadjacent said mixing tube and covering said opening, said datfuel-outlet burner means having its opposite surfaces of maximum areadisposed parallel to said planar opening of the `dish-shaped 'bodymember, the depth of said dish-shaped body between said bottom wall andsaid flat fuel-outlet burner means being not substantially greater thanthe diameter of said mixing tube.

2. In a gas burner, a dish-shaped body member having opposite sideWalls, opposite end walls and a bottom wall defining a mixing chamber inwhich gaseous fuel and air are mixed prior to combustion, a mixing tubeVdisposed in said mixing chamber and having an inlet adjacent one ofsaid end walls, said mixing tube extending toward the opposite end walland having an outlet in communication with said chamber, said side wallsconfronting the opposite sides, respectively, of said mixing tube, anddefining the maximum width of said dish-shaped body, each side wallbeing spaced a substantial distance from the confronting side,respectively, of the mixing tube, a nozzle in fluid communication withsaid mixing tube for supplying fuel to the latter, air inlet means inuid communication with said mixing tube and nozzle for supplying air tosaid mixing tube responsive to the ow of fuel from said nozzle into saidtube, said dishshaped body having a fiat planar opening substantiallycoextensive in area with said dish-shaped body between said oppositeside walls and said opposite end walls thereof, and at fuel-outletburner means mounted on said body adjacent said mixing tube and coveringsaid opening, said fiat fuel-outlet burner means having its oppositesurfaces of maximum area disposed parallel to said planar opening of thedish-shaped body member, the depth of said dish-shaped body between saidbottom wall and said flat fuel-outlet 'burner means being notsubstantially greater than the diameter of said mixing tube, saiddish-shaped body member having lan internal part extending between saidside walls adjacent the said opposite end wall and provided with surfaceportions disposed transversely of `the longitudinal axis of said mixingtube and confronting said outlet opening of said mixing tube fordirecting the fuel and air issuing from said outlet opening in adirection of 4liow externally of said mixing tube extending from saidsurface portions toward the said one end wall of said dish-shaped body.

3. In a gas burner, a dish-shaped body member having opposite sidewalls, opposite end walls and a bottom wall defining a mixing chamber inwhich gaseous fuel and air are mixedprior to combustion, a mixing tubedisposed in said mixing chamber'and having an inlet adjacent one of saidend walls and anv outlet in fluid communication with said chamberadjacent the opposite end wall thereof, said said dish-shaped body, eachside wall being spaced from the confronting side, respectively, of themixing tube, a distance not substantially less than the radius of saidmixing tube, a nozzle in fluid communication with said mixing tube forsupplying fuel to the latter, air inlet means in iuid communication withsaid mixing tube and nozzle for supplying air to said mixing tuberesponsive to the flow of fuel from said nozzle into said tube, saiddish-shaped body having a at planar opening substantially coextensive inarea with said dish-shaped `body between said opposite side walls andsaid opposite end Walls thereof, and flat fuel-outlet burner meansmounted on said body adjacent said mixing tube and covering saidopening, said flat fueloutlet burner means having its opposite surfacesof maximum area disposed parallel to said planar opening of thedish-shaped body member, said outlet opening and said burner means beingsubstantially coextensive and being disposed adjacent one side of saidmixing tube, the depth of said dish-shaped body member between saidbottom wall and said flat fuel-outlet burner means being notsubstantially greater than the diameter of said mixing tube.

4. In a -gas burner, a dish-shaped Vbody member having opposite sidewalls, opposite end walls and a bottom wall defining a mixing chamber inwhich gaseous fuel and air are mixed prior to combustion, a mixing tubedisposed in said mixing chamber and having an inlet adjacent one of saidend walls and an outlet in iiuid communication with said chamberadjacent the opposite end wall thereof, said side walls confronting theopposite sides, respectively, of said mixing tube and said mixing tubebeing positioned substantially midway between said side walls laterallythereof, said side walls defining the maximum width of said dish-shapedbody, each side wall being spaced from the confronting side,respectively, of the mixing tube, a distance not substantially less thanthe radius of said mixing tube, a nozzle in fluid communication withsaid mixing tube for supplying fuel to the latter, air inlet means inlluid communication with said mixing tube and nozzle for supplying airto said mixing tube responsive to the ow of fuel from said nozzle intosaid tube, said dishshaped body having a flat planar openingsubstantially coextensive in area with said dish-shaped body betweensaid opposite side walls and said opposite end walls thereof, and atfuel-outlet burner means mounted on said body adjacent said mixing tubeand covering said opening, said liat fuel-outlet burner means having itsopposite surf-aces of maximum area disposed parallel to said planaropening of the dish-shaped body member, said outlet opening and saidburner means being substantially coextensive and being disposed adjacentone side of said mixing tube, the depth of said dish-shaped body memberbetween said bottom wall and said at fuel-outlet burner means being notsubstantially -greater than the diameter of said mixing tube, saiddish-shaped body member having an internal part extending between saidside walls adjacent the said opposite end wall and provided with surfaceportions disposed transversely of the longitudinal axis of said mixingtube and confronting said outlet opening of said mixing tube, fordirecting the fuel and air issuing from said outlet opening in adirection of flow externally of said mixing tube extending from saidsurface portion toward the said one end wall of said dish-shaped body.

References Cited in the iile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,170,509 Burnham Feb. 8, 1916 1,259,029 Lucke Mar. 12, 1918 1,365,816Colmar Jan. 18,1921 1,451,072 Hoffstetter Apr. y10, 1923 (Otherreferences on following page) 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS Vaughn July 17,1928 Hellman July 4, 1933 Golden Dec. 5, 1950 Kennedy Dec. 11, 1951 6FOREIGN PATENTS Australia May 17, 1953 France Apr. 23, 1934 France Apr.21, 1954

